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מסכת כלים פרק ה משנה יא
תנור של אבן

A tanur made of stone (as opposed to the usual earthenware)

ושל מתכת

or from metal,

טהור

is tahor (i.e. is not subject to the rules of tumah that govern earthenware utensils)

וטמא

and [if made of metal] is tamei

משום כלי מתכות

for being a metal vessel (i.e. is subject to the rules of of tumah that govern metal utensils).

נקב

[If such an oven] developed a hole,

נפגם

was damaged (part of the top rim broke off),

נסדק

[or] cracked (and the crack went all the way from the bottom to its top),

עשה לו טפלה

[if] one made a coating for it (thus filling the crack or hole)

או מוסף של טיט

or an addition (to its broken top) of clay (at least four handbreadths high),

טמא

it is tamei (as if the entire oven were of earthenware).

כמה יהא בנקב

How big must the hole be (for the above rule to apply)?

כדי שיצא בו האור

Sufficient for the flame to exit through it.

וכן בכירה

And similarly by a kirah:

כירה של אבן

A kirah of stone

ושל מתכת

or of metal,

טהורה

is tahor (i.e. is not subject to the rules of tumah that govern earthenware utensils)

וטמאה

and [if made of metal] is tamei

משום כלי מתכות

for being a metal vessel (i.e. is subject to the rules of of tumah that govern metal utensils).

נקבה נפגמה נסדקה

[If such an oven] developed a hole, was damaged, (part of the top rim broke off), or cracked,

עשה בה פטפוטין

if one made [clay] pegs for it (these were to fix the above flaws, either at the bottom to seal a hole; some say these were added to the top to support a pot on top of the stove, which was the main purpose of a kirah)

טמאה

it is tamei.

מרחה בטיט

If one coated [an intact metal or stone] kirah with clay,

בין מבפנים בין מבחוץ

whether inside or outside

טהורה

it is tahor (as the makeup of the walls is less important in a kirah, where cooking is usually done with a pot);

רבי יהודה אומר

Rabbi Yehudah says

מבפנים טמאה

[when coated with clay] from the inside it is tamei (if the coating is able to stand on its own),

ומבחוץ טהורה

and from outside is tahor.

 

פרק ו משנה א

העושה

If one makes [of earthenware]

שלשה פטפוטין בארץ

three pegs on the ground,

וחברן בטיט

and attaches them with clay (some say this means to attach each one to the ground, others say this refers to where the tops of the three pegs are joined, as in a tripod)

להיות שופת עליהן

to support for cooking atop them

את הקדרה

a pot,

טמאה

it is tamei.

קבע

If one set

שלשה מסמרין בארץ

three [metal] nails in the ground

להיות שופת עליהן

to support for cooking on them

את הקדרה

a pot,

אף על פי

even though

שעשה בראשו מקום

he made a [flat and smooth] place at their top

שתהא הקדרה יושבת

for the pot to sit,

טהורה

they are tahor (as a metal vessel attached to the ground is treated as a part of the ground, and cannot be susceptible to tumah).

העושה שתי אבנים

One who makes two stones

כירה

a kirah (i.e. two blocks of stone are place on the ground facing each other, the fire would go in between them)

וחברן בטיט

and attaches them with clay (either the stones are fixed to the ground with the clay, or the gap between their tops is spanned at either end with a bridge of clay to help support a pot),

טמאה

it is tamei;

רבי יהודה מטהר

Rabbi Yehuda rules them tahor

עד שיעשה שלישית

until he makes a third [stone a part of this stove]

או עד שיסמוך לכתל

or he makes it near a wall (to provide additional support for a pot on top of them).

אחת בטיט

If [according to Rabbi Yehuda] one [stone] is [fixed to the other stones] with clay

ואחת שלא בטיט

and one [stone] is not [fixed to the other stones] with clay,

טהורה

it is tahor.

(Alternatively this last clause is stating the rule even according to the first opinion, that just two stones will be tamei; this is so only if both are fixed in place with clay.)