Audio by Michael Sokolow

Mishnah Mikvaos 5:6: Regarding a wave which became detached [from the sea], and which contains forty se'ah [a specific unit of volume], if it fell on a person or on vessels, they are pure. Any place which has forty se'ah, one may immerse, and cause [other objects] to be immersed. One may immerse [objects] in trenches, and in ditches, and in the [hollowed out] tracks of donkeys mixed in [and connected, though small openings in the mountainside, to a mikveh containing forty se'ah that is also in] the valley. Beit Shammai say: one may immerse [objects] in runoff streams. Beit Hillel say: one may not immerse in them. And they agree that one can fence-off [the runoff waters] with vessels and immerse in them. And the vessels with which one fenced-off [the runoff waters] were not immersed.

גַּל שֶׁנִּתְלַשׁ וּבוֹ אַרְבָּעִים סְאָה, וְנָפַל עַל הָאָדָם וְעַל הַכֵּלִים, טְהוֹרִים. כָּל מָקוֹם שֶׁיֶּשׁ בּוֹ אַרְבָּעִים סְאָה, טוֹבְלִין וּמַטְבִּילִין. מַטְבִּילִין בַּחֲרִיצִין וּבִנְעָצִים וּבְפַרְסַת הַחֲמוֹר הַמְעֹרֶבֶת בַּבִּקְעָה. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, מַטְבִּילִין בְּחַרְדָּלִית. בֵּית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, אֵין מַטְבִּילִין. וּמוֹדִים שֶׁהוּא גוֹדֵר כֵּלִים וְטוֹבֵל בָּהֶם. וְכֵלִים שֶׁגָּדַר בָּהֶם, לֹא הֻטְבְּלוּ:

Mishnah Mikvaos 6:1: Any [water] mixed into a mikveh [a gathering of water collected by natural means and immersed in for purification] is considered as the mikveh [if it was already a complete mikveh, containing forty se’ah of valid water]. Regarding holes or cracks in a cavern [which houses a mikveh], one may immerse [objects] in them as they are [regardless of how little water they contain, or how small their connection is to the rest of the mikveh]. Regarding a dug out area [of water] in a cavern, one may not immerse in it unless it was pierced [with a hole connecting it to the mikveh waters] the size of the tube of a flask. Rabbi Yehudah said: when does this apply? When it [the barrier separating between the dug out area and the valid mikveh] holds itself up; but if it does not hold itself up, one may immerse in it as it is.

כָּל הַמְעֹרָב לַמִּקְוֶה, כַּמִּקְוֶה. חוֹרֵי הַמְּעָרָה וְסִדְקֵי הַמְּעָרָה, מַטְבִּיל בָּהֶם כְּמָה שֶׁהֵם. עֻקַּת הַמְּעָרָה, אֵין מַטְבִּילִין בָּהּ אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הָיְתָה נְקוּבָה כִשְׁפוֹפֶרֶת הַנּוֹד. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, אֵימָתַי, בִּזְמַן שֶׁהִיא מַעֲמֶדֶת עַצְמָהּ. אֲבָל אִם אֵינָהּ מַעֲמֶדֶת עַצְמָהּ, מַטְבִּילִין בָּהּ כְּמָה שֶׁהִיא:

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